Understanding the Causes Behind the MSVCP140 DLL Missing Error

The MSVCP140.dll missing error is a common issue that Windows users encounter when running specific programs or games. This error typically manifests as a pop-up message stating “The program can’t start because MSVCP140.dll is missing from your computer. Try reinstalling the program to fix this problem.” Although this error is straightforward in its diagnosis, the reasons for its occurrence can be rooted in several underlying factors related to software and system components.

One primary cause of the MSVCP140.dll error is the absence or corruption of the Microsoft Visual C++ Redistributable package on the user’s computer. MSVCP140.dll is a crucial Dynamic Link Library (DLL) file, part of the Microsoft Visual C++ Redistributable for Visual Studio 2015 and newer. Many applications, particularly those built on Microsoft’s development tools, require this library to function. If the redistributable package is not installed, corrupted, or accidentally deleted, the dependent programs will be unable to locate the required DLL file.

Another factor that can trigger the MSVCP140.dll missing error is malware infection. Malicious software may target or remove essential system files, including certain DLLs, as part of its method to disrupt normal operations or to evade detection. Similarly, some cleaning or optimization tools, when used irresponsibly, can delete DLL files they mistakenly consider unnecessary.

Software updates or incomplete program installations can also result in the loss or corruption of the MSVCP140.dll file. Programs that update or modify shared system libraries might overwrite or mismanage these files, leaving critical dependencies broken. Additionally, user mistakes — such as manual deletion of files from system folders — can be a culprit.

Finally, running an outdated Windows operating system without appropriate updates can also lead to compatibility issues with the MSVCP140.dll file. Some updates from Microsoft include enhancements and registry adjustments necessary for modern applications to interact with system files correctly.

Step-by-Step Instructions to Fix the MSVCP140 DLL Missing Error

Fortunately, resolving the MSVCP140.dll missing error is a straightforward process that can be accomplished by following a series of logical troubleshooting steps. Below is a detailed guide to help restore system functionality and get your applications running again:

1. Reinstall the Microsoft Visual C++ Redistributable
   • Most instances of the MSVCP140.dll error can be rectified by reinstalling the Microsoft Visual C++ Redistributable for Visual Studio 2015, 2017, 2019, and 2022. These packages can be safely downloaded from Microsoft’s official website.
   • Visit Microsoft’s official download page for Visual C++ Redistributable (https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/cpp/windows/latest-supported-vc-redist?view=msvc-170).
   • Download both the x86 (vc_redist.x86.exe) and x64 (vc_redist.x64.exe) versions, as some programs may require one or the other depending on whether they are 32-bit or 64-bit applications.
   • Run the installers, and follow the on-screen instructions to complete the installation.
   • Restart your computer and attempt to launch the affected program to see if the problem is resolved.
2. Install Pending Windows Updates
   • Keeping your operating system updated ensures that all system files and security features are current, which can help fix DLL-related issues.
   • Open Settings using the Windows + I shortcut, then go to Update & Security.
   • Click on Windows Update and select Check for updates.
   • Install any available updates and restart your computer.
3. Reinstall the Application Producing the Error
   • Sometimes, the issue may reside within the program itself. Reinstalling the software can often replace any missing or corrupted files.
   • Open Control Panel > Programs and Features.
   • Locate the problematic application, select it, and choose Uninstall.
   • Download and reinstall the latest version of the application from the official website.
   • Launch the program to verify if the error has been resolved.
4. Run a System File Checker Scan
   • Windows’ built-in System File Checker (SFC) tool can detect and repair corrupted or missing system files, including DLLs.
   • Open Command Prompt as an administrator (search “cmd” in Start, right-click, and select Run as administrator).
   • Type sfc /scannow and press Enter.
   • Wait for the scan to complete, then follow any prompts to repair the files.
   • Restart your computer.
5. Scan for Malware and Viruses
   • Malware infections are a common culprit for missing system files. Running a comprehensive security scan can help locate and eradicate malicious software.
   • Use Windows Defender or a reputable third-party antivirus solution.
   • Perform a full system scan and follow the recommendations to resolve any detected threats.
   • Restart your computer and test the affected application.
6. Avoid Downloading Individual DLL Files from Untrusted Sources
   • While it might be tempting to download just MSVCP140.dll from unofficial websites, this practice is risky and strongly discouraged.
   • Files from non-Microsoft sources can contain malware or be outdated. Always rely on authentic Microsoft packages and tools for system libraries.
7. Restore MSVCP140.dll Using System Restore
   • If the issue appeared after a recent system change, you might use System Restore to return your computer to a previous working state.
   • Type “System Restore” into the Start menu and select Create a restore point.
   • Go to the System Protection tab and click on System Restore.
   • Follow the prompts to choose a restore point before the problem started.
   • Allow the process to complete and restart your computer.

Conclusion

The MSVCP140.dll missing error is an inconvenience that can interrupt your workflow and prevent you from using essential software. However, understanding the underlying causes — from missing redistributable packages, system updates, and program integrity, to potential malware infections — empowers you to resolve the problem effectively and prevent it in the future.

By methodically following the outlined steps, such as reinstalling the Microsoft Visual C++ Redistributable, performing system updates, scanning for malware, and using built-in Windows repair tools, you can restore your system’s stability and regain access to your favorite programs. Always remember to avoid quick fixes from untrusted sources; prioritize official channels to ensure the integrity and security of your operating system. With these measures, the MSVCP140.dll issue can be swiftly and safely resolved, allowing you to focus on what matters most to you.